PSG has now won the season-opening cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.